# Letter P

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| 索引编号       | 英文术语                                           | 中文翻译                | 常用缩写                                                                                                                                              | 来源&扩展                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 备注   |
| ---------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---- |
| AITD-01399 | PAC Learning                                   | PAC学习               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01400 | Pac-Learnable                                  | PAC可学习              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01401 | Padding                                        | 填充                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01402 | Paired t -Test                                 | 成对 t 检验             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01403 | Pairwise                                       | 成对型                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01404 | Pairwise Markov Property                       | 成对马尔可夫性             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01405 | Parallel Distributed Processing                | 分布式并行处理             | PDP                                                                                                                                               | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01406 | Parallel Tempering                             | 并行回火                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01407 | Parameter                                      | 参数                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01408 | Parameter Estimation                           | 参数估计                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01409 | Parameter Server                               | 参数服务器               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01410 | Parameter Sharing                              | 参数共享                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01411 | Parameter Space                                | 参数空间                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01412 | Parameter Tuning                               | 调参                  | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2018-01-03-3)[\[2\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00227/978-1-78801-789-3) | 机器学习                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01413 | Parametric Case                                | 有参情况                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01414 | Parametric Density Estimation                  | 参数密度估计              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01415 | Parametric Model                               | 参数化模型               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01416 | Parametric ReLU                                | 参数化修正线性单元/参数化整流线性单元 | PReLU                                                                                                                                             | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01417 | Parse Tree                                     | 解析树                 |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00001/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |      |
| AITD-01418 | Part-Of-Speech Tagging                         | 词性标注                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01419 | Partial Derivative                             | 偏导数                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01420 | Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes | 部分可观测马尔可夫决策过程       | POMDP                                                                                                                                             | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01421 | Particle Swarm Optimization                    | 粒子群优化算法             | PSO                                                                                                                                               | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00311/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |      |
| AITD-01422 | Partition                                      | 划分                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01423 | Partition Function                             | 配分函数                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01424 | Path                                           | 路径                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01425 | Pattern                                        | 模式                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01426 | Pattern Recognition                            | 模式识别                | PR                                                                                                                                                | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00001/978-1-78801-789-3)[\[2\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00488/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                  |      |
| AITD-01427 | Penalty Term                                   | 罚项                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01428 | Perceptron                                     | 感知机                 | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2018-01-15-2)[\[2\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00206/978-1-83916-023-3) | 机器学习                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01429 | Performance Measure                            | 性能度量                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01430 | Periodic                                       | 周期的                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01431 | Permutation Invariant                          | 置换不变性               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01432 | Perplexity                                     | 困惑度                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01433 | Persistent Contrastive Divergence              | 持续性对比散度             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01434 | Phoneme                                        | 音素                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01435 | Phonetic                                       | 语音                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01436 | Pictorial Structure                            | 图形结构                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01437 | Piecewise                                      | 分段                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01438 | Piecewise Constant Decay                       | 分段常数衰减              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01439 | Pipeline                                       | 流水线                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01440 | Plate Notation                                 | 板块表示                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01441 | Plug And Play Generative Network               | 即插即用生成网络            | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01442 | Plurality Voting                               | 相对多数投票              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01443 | Point Estimator                                | 点估计                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01444 | Pointer Network                                | 指针网络                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01445 | Polarity Detection                             | 极性检测                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01446 | Policy                                         | 策略                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01447 | Policy Evaluation                              | 策略评估                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01448 | Policy Gradient                                | 策略梯度                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01449 | Policy Improvement                             | 策略改进                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01450 | Policy Iteration                               | 策略迭代                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01451 | Policy Search                                  | 策略搜索                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01452 | Polynomial Basis Function                      | 多项式基函数              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01453 | Polynomial Kernel Function                     | 多项式核函数              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01454 | Polysemy                                       | 一词多义性               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01455 | Pool                                           | 汇聚                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01456 | Pooling                                        | 汇聚                  | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2017-10-02-5)                                                                                         |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01457 | Pooling Function                               | 汇聚函数                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01458 | Pooling Layer                                  | 汇聚层                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01459 | Poor Conditioning                              | 病态条件                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01460 | Position Embedding                             | 位置嵌入                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01461 | Positional Encoding                            | 位置编码                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01462 | Positive Class                                 | 正类                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01463 | Positive Definite                              | 正定                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01464 | Positive Definite Kernel Function              | 正定核函数               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01465 | Positive Definite Matrix                       | 正定矩阵                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01466 | Positive Part Function                         | 正部函数                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01467 | Positive Phase                                 | 正相                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01468 | Positive Recurrent                             | 正常返的                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01469 | Positive Sample                                | 正例                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01470 | Positive Semidefinite                          | 半正定                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01471 | Positive-Semidefinite Matrix                   | 半正定矩阵               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01472 | Post-Hoc Test                                  | 后续检验                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01473 | Post-Pruning                                   | 后剪枝                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01474 | Posterior Distribution                         | 后验分布                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01475 | Posterior Inference                            | 后验推断                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01476 | Posterior Probability                          | 后验概率                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01477 | Potential Function                             | 势函数                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01478 | Power Method                                   | 幂法                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01479 | PR Curve                                       | P-R曲线               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01480 | Pre-Trained Initialization                     | 预训练初始化              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01481 | Pre-Training                                   | 预训练                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01482 | Precision                                      | 查准率/准确率             | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00016/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                          | 数学、HPC                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |      |
| AITD-01483 | Precision Matrix                               | 精度矩阵                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01484 | Predictive Sparse Decomposition                | 预测稀疏分解              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01485 | Prepruning                                     | 预剪枝                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01486 | Pretrained Language Model                      | 预训练语言模型             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01487 | Primal Problem                                 | 主问题                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01488 | Primary Visual Cortex                          | 初级视觉皮层              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01489 | Principal Component Analysis                   | 主成分分析               | PCA                                                                                                                                               | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2017-12-03-4)[\[2\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00109/978-1-78801-789-3)[\[3\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00037/978-1-78801-789-3)[\[4\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00206/978-1-83916-023-3) |      |
| AITD-01490 | Principle Of Multiple Explanations             | 多释原则                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01491 | Prior                                          | 先验                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01492 | Prior Knowledge                                | 先验知识                |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-021-00716-z)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 统计   |
| AITD-01493 | Prior Probability                              | 先验概率                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01494 | Prior Probability Distribution                 | 先验概率分布              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01495 | Prior Pseudo-Counts                            | 伪计数                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01496 | Prior Shift                                    | 先验偏移                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01497 | Priority Rule                                  | 优先级规则               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01498 | Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar             | 概率上下文无关文法           | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01499 | Probabilistic Density Estimation               | 概率密度估计              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01500 | Probabilistic Generative Model                 | 概率生成模型              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01501 | Probabilistic Graphical Model                  | 概率图模型               | PGM                                                                                                                                               | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2017-11-29-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |      |
| AITD-01502 | Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis         | 概率潜在语义分析            | PLSA                                                                                                                                              | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01503 | Probabilistic Latent Semantic Indexing         | 概率潜在语义索引            | PLSI                                                                                                                                              | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01504 | Probabilistic Model                            | 概率模型                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01505 | Probabilistic PCA                              | 概率PCA               | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01506 | Probabilistic Undirected Graphical Model       | 概率无向图模型             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01507 | Probability                                    | 概率                  | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01508 | Probability Density Function                   | 概率密度函数              | PDF                                                                                                                                               | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01509 | Probability Distribution                       | 概率分布                | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00195/978-1-83916-023-3)                                                          | 统计                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |      |
| AITD-01510 | Probability Mass Function                      | 概率质量函数              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01511 | Probability Model Estimation                   | 概率模型估计              | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01512 | Probably Approximately Correct                 | 概率近似正确              | PAC                                                                                                                                               | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01513 | Product of Expert                              | 专家之积                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01514 | Product Rule                                   | 乘法法则                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01515 | Properly PAC Learnable                         | 恰PAC可学习             | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01516 | Proportional                                   | 成比例                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01517 | Proposal Distribution                          | 提议分布                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01518 | Propositional Atom                             | 原子命题                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01519 | Propositional Rule                             | 命题规则                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01520 | Prototype-Based Clustering                     | 原型聚类                | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01521 | Proximal Gradient Descent                      | 近端梯度下降              | PGD                                                                                                                                               | \[1]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |      |
| AITD-01522 | Pruning                                        | 剪枝                  | [\[1\]](https://www.jiqizhixin.com/articles/2017-09-26)                                                                                           |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01523 | Pseudo-Label                                   | 伪标记                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-01524 | Pseudolikelihood                               | 伪似然                 | \[1]                                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |      |
| AITD-02426 | Predicted Label                                | 预测值                 |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00016/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 机器学习 |
| AITD-02427 | Prediction                                     | 预测                  |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-021-00716-z)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 机器学习 |
| AITD-02428 | Prediction Accuracy                            | 预测准确率               |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00001/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 机器学习 |
| AITD-02429 | Predictor                                      | 预测器/决策函数            |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00251/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 机器学习 |
| AITD-02430 | Protein Folding                                | 蛋白折叠                |                                                                                                                                                   | [\[1\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00109/978-1-78801-789-3)[\[2\]](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781788017893-00037/978-1-78801-789-3)                                                                                                                                                  | 生物   |
